Critics of freedom

Stanislaw Barszczak—You have to choose yourself—

Ontological issues from the beginning do not seem to solve. Let’s look at the problem of freedom. Everyone- except absolute being-God  -is linked to other beings by ties of cause and effect-if it falls into the causal relationship cannot be free. To be free means to be beyond the violence, be sufficient itself. A man as a being cannot be free. This confirms the daily need for sleep, food, rest, etc. To preserve the freedom of human existence, J.-P. Sartre presents the concept of nothingness. Behind him first I want to find the determination of Hegel, that freedom is “the negativity, and as such must appear before us.” Be free to say: to be able to say “no.” Some “nothingness” permeates the man who, as “being-for-itself” is “self-consciousness.” Nothingness is the one which makes it possible to self-awareness. In the words of Father J. Tischner this nothingness is like a “gap”, which penetrates self-awareness and makes it earliest reflection’s presence for myself. It makes it possible to negation, and that freedom can say “no.” But such freedom’s being placed through the concept of nothingness, it seems to be its depletion. Well, the essence of freedom should be saying “yes.” Is the denial of freedom contained in the reverse side is not present in the “yes”? Ontological approach of freedom leads to a denial of freedom (determinism), or to confuse liberty with strength. According to the deterministic laws governing the behavior of man are essentially the same nature as the law governing the behavior of things. However, a man has limited an awareness and do not know what forces govern it. With this ignorance comes the illusion of freedom. Cited here understood as the freedom of human action-effect “understanding of freedom is a necessity” (historical materialism). Let’s see also TV freedom of contemporary: a desperate Leoncio, who lost Isaura, commits suicide. The feeling of freedom rules over tyranny. Well. Today, more than liberty shall be put up something more like a responsibility. But we must continually look for new solutions. Cited in one ontology is right: the human experience in the sphere of freedom is the experience of enslavement. A man finds his freedom as freedom for enslaved. His life goes on as the fight for freedom. This battle does not mean, however, learn the external value, but “becoming” what a man “really is.” The achievement of human freedom is back to himself. This is indicated by the formula of Hegel: Freedom is that to be “themselves at home.” To answer the question what it means to “be-in-itself ‘, we need to ask: what does” not be at home “? Let us follow Saint Paul: good I want I do not do, and I do the evil which I would not. ” I’m not “at home” when you come upon “foreign law.” The source of this right is beyond me-in some “foreignness.” However, this strangeness has some echo in me. Body is particularly susceptible to it. Strangeness is intertwined with the outside inside. In order to “be themselves at home”, I have to “overcome myself” and at the same time to confront someone “outside”. Who? Some principle of evil. An important limitation of freedom is so evil. Man is not running battle with the laws of nature, but evil, which significantly limits its freedom. Evil is not, Father J. Tischner wrote, that man cannot outrun a horse, but that sometimes “must” tell a lie and it is also a restriction of his freedom. The classic description of slavery, we find in Hegel’s famous chapter “Phenomenology of the spirit” of the master and slave. Enslavement, according to him has a logical character: it is part of a rational system. Hence, it is so difficult to overcome. To escape from bondage, if you need to make the destruction of the entire system. Hegel believes-as we know-that the relation of man to man is primarily a relationship of struggle. “Man to man a wolf.” There is something of truth: if it were otherwise, you probably do not need to commandments-not that you would have to just heaven impelled people to love. The fight is a fight to the death, although its major purpose is not to kill but to force him to recognize. The player who first terrified of death. Who does not frighten those who will risk death, reaches freedom. Terrified of death go into slavery, informed risk becoming the masters of life. The task is to work for the slave master, task master-possession. We have two intertwined with one another freedom: the freedom of yourself and being in the shadow of that freedom, “freedom” of a slave. The freedom of a slave is surrounded by prohibitions. This is not the nature those prohibitions was born, but the will of master. Will enslaves the will, freedom restricts the freedom of one another. Loss of the freedom may not be made without profit. Slaves in exchange for recognition of saved lives. Maybe innocence, may and indeed should, “do not want to have a conscience.” On the other hand, the slave is the victim of delusion. It seems to him that you are deprived of liberty, that you are “to blame for everything.” Really, though it alone is the creator of a slave master and his enslavement. If it was not “found” someone else’s reign, there would be a slave. A slave has a “sin” and that is basic: the renunciation of freedom. Not being fully themselves, it is not at home. A different picture emerges from the enslavement of psychological analysis, which is due, inter alia, prof. A. Kępiński, who wrote about “psychopaths” – about people who have become slaves to various, more or less irrational fears. These fears undercut them hope. Fearful of people and the world, these people took refuge in the shelter. ” You can call them “people from their hiding places.” Father J. Tischner wrote: “A man in a hideout believed that carries within itself a treasury. Treasury is trying to hide deep. Sam becomes the clipboard we stipulate. Place, on which stands, surrounded by a wall of fear. For all people approaching the hideout he is directing suspicion that they approach to him in order to rob him and destroy. “Passage of the area hope the space is hiding the fall of man, as well as fall into sin, and in an informed and voluntary guilty. A man lives at the level of blandness, beyond good and evil, is neither guilty nor innocent, his responsibility was in a state of senility. And now the whole dignity of man comes to the value of suffering, which it is subject. A striking feature of hiding people is that they suffer and they can bring suffering to others. And, worst of all, their suffering is as great as unnecessary”.(Thinking by value, s.415-416) “People from their hiding places” are not themselves at home. I would put the argument  here that our politicians, whose lives are interrupted by a disaster at Smolensk had fallen victim to the “people from their hiding places.” These people are enslaved. Where is their “lord”? The paradox is that the “master” is not really that only the vague idea fills their imagination. “Lord” is “someone” who can always come and do “something.” And they fear that. A quick summary of what we said here: slavery appears: at dialogical level as limiting or imprisonment of one by another, as slavery because of the recognized evils, is associated with the emergence of fear. The Catholic Church see the world as a gift of a loving Creator. Because God is for man, it is for human is a freedom in the world. The fall of the first people brings a burst into the world. Man no longer has a direct view of the gift. Takes against God, the world and ourselves. Hence his captivity was. Only faith restores the original vision of the blessed beginning. Reconstruction of freedom in the world can only be achieved by restoring relationship with God. That is why Hegel said: “God is the God of free people”. A man can “create itself” as a work of art, drawing with their “power of life”, he can overcome its weakness, can “take possession of himself,” and may “want of willing,” so he can bear itself. Now, freedom is missing one else: a guide to the good. Freedom is a way of being good. The latter is outside the structures of being. Awakening to good and our faithfulness to implement in us “a good will”, which is a subjective expression of human freedom. In so far as a good will is accompanied to a man in his way of being, man as a man becomes an expression of freedom. And here there is the text that I prepared for my reader. Sorry, yet not well. But at a time personally, I would like to join to the contemporary discussion about love, memory, identity, freedom and human responsibility.(introduction to new a story, to be continued)

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